A/B Testing

Human or automated process of assigning targets; quality, consistency, and guidelines matter heavily.

Measure of consistency across labelers; low agreement indicates ambiguous tasks or poor guidelines.

Selecting the most informative samples to label (e.g., uncertainty sampling) to reduce labeling cost.

Ordering training samples from easier to harder to improve convergence or generalization.

Feature attribution method grounded in cooperative game theory for explaining predictions in tabular settings.

Local surrogate explanation method approximating model behavior near a specific input.

Framework for reasoning about cause-effect relationships beyond correlation, often using structural assumptions and e...

A hidden variable influences both cause and effect, biasing naive estimates of causal impact.